Advice and resources : Whiplash

About the condition

Whiplash is a common injury to the neck that can happen after a road traffic accident, fall, or sports injury. It occurs when the head is suddenly forced forwards, backwards, or sideways, stretching the soft tissues of the neck.

This can cause a range of symptoms that may appear immediately or develop over a few days.

Signs and symptoms

These symptoms are usually temporary and improve with simple self‑care.

• Neck or shoulder pain.
• Stiffness or reduced movement.
• Headaches, often starting at the base of the skull.
• Upper back or arm discomfort.
• Pins and needles or mild numbness in the arms or hands.
• General tiredness or difficulty concentrating.

What to do if you have whiplash

• Painkillers can help reduce discomfort so you can stay active. Speak to your GP or pharmacist to find the most suitable option for you.
• You may return to driving when you can turn your head and look over both shoulders comfortably and safely, and you can control the vehicle without hesitation. On longer journeys take regular breaks, move around, and gently stretch your neck and shoulders.
• Stay at work if possible. Normal activity helps recovery. Keep moving, change position often, and avoid staying still for long periods.
• Modify activities such as housework or gardening if needed. Aim to return to normal activities gradually, even if there is mild discomfort.
• Use gentle heat (e.g., heat pad or warm wheat bag) over the sore area for short periods, unless you have reduced or altered sensation in the skin.
• Try relaxation techniques, such as mindfulness or breathing apps, gentle walking, listening to calming music. relaxation can help reduce muscle tension and improve pain.

Exercises

Complete these gentle exercises little and often to help reduce stiffness and other symptoms. They may be uncomfortable, but they should not significantly increase your symptoms.

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